Pressure dyeing apparatus for textile packages



Dec, 11, 1951 E. J. ABBOTT 2,577,727

PRESSURE DYEING APPARATUS FOR TEXTILE PACKAGES Filed April 16, 1949 INVENTOR EDWARD J. ABBOTT, DECEASED, BY, SAMUEL L.ABBOTT, EXECUTOR Patented Dec. 11, 1951 PRESSURE DYEING APPARATUS FOR TEXTILE PACKAGES Edward J. Abbott, deceased, late of Wilton, N. H., by Samuel L. Abbott, executor, Wilton, N. H., assignor, by .mesne assignments, to Abbott Worsted Mills, Incorporated, Wilton, N. H., a corporation of New Hampshire Application April 16, 1949, Serial No. 87,873

2 Claims. (Cl. 68-189)' This invention relates to pressure dyeing apparatus for textile strands, such for instance as yarn, in the form of packages.

When yarn is dyed in package form, the packages are of a porous nature and wound on perforated or porous cores, and hot dye liquid can be forced through the bodies of the packages either from the inside outwardly, or the outside inwardly, under a fairly low pressure differential, for instance around 5 lbs. per square inch. To attain a high speed of dyeing and evenness of dyeing it is desirable to force the liquid through the packages at high velocity and volume of flow. However, when an impeller type pump is used to force the hot liquid through the packages, then at high speeds of the pump the phenomenon of cavitation takes place, limiting the rate of circulation of the liquid.

The invention aims to provide a simple and effective means for reducing or preventing this phenomenon of cavitation, so as to permit the pump for the dye liquid to be effective at high speeds.

Other advantageous features of the invention will be apparent from this specification and its drawing wherein the invention is explained by way of example.

The drawing is a diagrammatic view of dyeing apparatus containing the present invention.

As indicated in the drawing, a dye kettle I is provided with a removable but pressure-tight top H, shown in place.

A manifold 13 within the container is adapted to communicate with the interiors of the several wound packages of yarn M, as by perforated tubes l upon which the packages are stacked, each stack being closed at its top so that dye liquid from the manifold is forced radially outwardly through the bodies of yarn of the packages. Dye liquid from the kettle is adapted to fiow from the body of the kettle through a conduit It to the manifold l3, being forced through this path by a pump impeller l8 which may be driven at high speed by an electric motor l9.

As explained above, an ordinary limitation on the speed at which the dye liquid can be taken from the kettle and forced through the packages arises from cavitation occurring at the intake of the pump impeller.

The invention largely reduces this phenomena of cavitation by providing an auxiliary or second pump adapted to take dye liquid at atmospheric pressure and force the same through a conduit 21 into the body of confined dye liquid in communication with the entrance to conduit 2 It, at a superatmospheric pressure. In the arrangement shown, where the circulation of dye liquid is radially outwardly through the packages, and the pump impeller it receives its supply of liquid from the body of the kettle, the conduit 2| can connect directly with the interior of the kettle. Preferably the interior of the kettle is maintained in this manner at a pressure of for example to lbs. per square inch. This has the effect of simulating a materially increased hydraulic head within the kettle, which head is effective in giving the necessary velocity of flow of the hot dye liquid to the intake side of the pump impeller It to suppress cavitation.

The pump 20 may operate continuously during the operation of the pump l9, and any excess of pressure in the kettle may be relieved by a safety valve 24 which may be set for say 30 or 35 lbs. per square inch, not only permitting the exit of excess liquid but also permitting exit of air which separates out of the hot dye liquid. A conduit 25 may lead the escaped liquid from the safety valve to an open reservoir 26, in communication with the intake side of the auxiliary pump 20. The reservoir 26 and pump 20 afford a convenient way for adding further quantities of dye to the kettle.

The volume of flow of the first pump, that is,

A the volume of flow produced by the impeller I8,

will be relatively large compared to that of the second pump 20. whereas the pressure delivered by the pump 20 and maintained in the kettle by the pressure release safety valve 24 will be relatively large compared to the pressure differential of the first pump. Thus the second pump 20, which need provide only a small volume of flow, requires only a small amount of power.

In the apparatus specifically shown, flow of dye liquid is radially outwardly through the packages. If it is desired to arrange the apparatus for flow of the liquid radially inwardly through the bodies of the dye packages, the direction of rotation of the impeller I8 would of course be reversed, and in order that the second pump 20 may supply liquid into communication with the intake side of the impeller l8, the pump 20 should then be connected to deliver its liquid to the conduit l6 at the intake side of the impeller l8, or in a similar manner to the manifold l3.

What is claimed is:

1. Dyeing apparatus including a closed dye kettle, means within the kettle for holding textile packages, means including an impeller type pump for circulating the dye liquid of the kettle through the bodies of the textile packages, said mospheric pressure within the kettle by forcing liquid into the body of dye liquid on the low pressure side of the packages and in communication with the intake side of the first named pump,

thereby to reduce cavitation of the liquid at the impeller of the first named pump, a pressure release device receiving fluid from the said body of liquid on the low pressure side of the packages and thereby limiting the interior pressure of the kettle at the low pressure side of the'packages, a reservoir connected to the intake side of the second pump independently of the first pump, and a return connection from the pressure release device to said reservoir. i

2. Dyeing apparatus including a closed dye kettle, means within the kettle for holding textile packages, means including an impeller type pump for circulating the dye liquid of the kettle through the bodies'of the textile packages, said impeller type pump establishing a pressure difierential through said bodies of the packages and having free communication at its intake with the low pressure side of the packages, a second pump for forcing dye liquid into the body of dye liquid on the low pressure side of the packages and in communication with the intake side of the first named pump, and a pressure release device re ceiving fluid from the said body of liquid on the low pressure side of the packages and limiting the interior pressure of the kettle, the second pump receiving fluid from the pressure release device independently of the first pump, the volume of flow oi the first named pump being rela tively large compared to that of the second pump,

and the pressure maintained on the low pressure side of the packagesin the kettle and intake side of the first pump by the pressure release clevice and the second pump being relatively large compared to the pressure differential of the first pump, thereby to reduce cavitationof the liquid at the impeller of the first named pump.

The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,145,858 Brandwood July 6, 1915 1,327,662 Dudley Jan. 13, 1920 2,437,987 wolfenden Mar. 16, 194:8 

